joeseph stalin :: essays research papers

Joseph Stalin was a man who had many accomplishments in his lifetime. He was a family man, a business man, and a political leader of one of the worlds largest super powers. He is noted for having control over more people for a greater amount of time than anyone ahead or since his time. He is compared to Ghengis Kahn and Ivan the terrible. Stalin had a unique way of thinking and governing this became known as Stalinism He had thoughts and ideas that affect our world even today.Joseph Stalin was born(p) in1879 by the look up Joseph Vissarionovich Djugashville on the twenty-first of December in the small town of Gori Georgia into a poor poverty stricken family. His father was an unrealised cobbler he was also an alcoholic who beat Joseph mercilessly, and was killed in a bar fight were he was stabbed to death. Stalins mother was more supportive of him, Her name was Ekiterena She was a simple washerwoman who had hoped for Joseph to become a priest. Joseph Had no siblings, he was the last born child and only to survive infancy. His mother was said to be very attentive to him, it is said that her attentiveness encouraged Stalin to self-idolization, while the deprivations of his childhood may have made compensatory life physiologically indispensable. In any resultant role young Stalin given to identify with hero-like figures (William G. Rosenberg) This is why he was given his nick name Koba after a fictional mountain hero. His family squalor gave him ambition and an acute Consciousness on class, but his Georgian background also taught him a bit of brutality and vengeance. In 1893 Stalin entered Tifilis Theological Seminary the discipline there was another purport toward revolutionary activism. (Joseph Stalin). Soon after in 1898he was involved in radical political activity. And in the next year he left the seminary sooner he graduated and became a revolutionary organizer by 1901 he was a member of the Georgian branch of the social democratic party. He roamed t he caucuses, provoking among co workers, he helped with strikes, and spreading socialist literature he had no charisma or oral skill but seamed to be ingenious at practical organization, and in his dull appearance concealed a genuine genius and an acute memory which helped him in several ways. Later in 1903 the social democrats split into two groups leaving Stalin to choose which side to join, the sides were the Boshlevics and the Mensheviks.

The Sherpa of Nepal Essay -- Culture Economy Papers

The Sherpa of Nepal Sherpa, a term derived from words meaning people and east, refers to a cultural groupthat numbers about 35,000 and whose members occupy parts of India, Nepal, Tibet and Bhutan (Sherpa Friendship Asscn,19991), though most groups are prove in Nepal (Stevens 1993 31). It is generally understood that the Sherpa came to Nepal from eastern Tibet about 500 years ago (www.rip.physics.unk.edu/Nepal/NPE 19992). This research paper will cogitate on the Nepalese Sherpa. It will explore socio-ecological aspects of their lives, including their cultural and ecological adaptations. In addition, it will highlight changes in Sherpa culture and the relationship brought about by after-school(prenominal) influences. Nepal is a relatively small country, 100 miles wide by 500 miles long. The southern border is tropical with rich soils, flora and fauna making this arena of Nepal densely populated by humans (Bishop 199810). The mountainous region, however, is more sparsely populated. It is the Sherpa who populate these mountains, specifically the middle Himalayan range (Bishop 199811). Most Sherpa settlements are found at altitudes of 3,000 to 6,000 meters. These high altitude environments are prone to unpredictable climatic and geomorphological conditions. Growing seasons are short, and there is often the risk of early frosts or snowstorms. The slopes are steep and farming and grazing is often difficult (Stevens 1993 57). However, despite these challenges, the Sherpa have managed to subsist in their environment by employing a system of agro-pastoralism. This system combines stationary village agriculture with a nomadic system of herding (Bishop 199825). This way of life has been crucial to Sherpa survival. The Sherpa prac... ...olyandry Kinship, Domesticity, and Population on the Tibetan Border. lettuce and London The University of Chicago Press. Ortner, Sherry B. 1989. High Religion A Cultural and Political History of Sherpa Buddhism. Princeton, NJ Princeto n University Press. Ortner, Sherry B. 1978. Sherpas through their rituals. London Cambridge University Press. Savada, Andrea Matles. 1993. Nepal And Bhutan Country Studies. Washington DC US Government produce Office. Sherpa Friendship Association. Sherpa Facts. . February 17, 1999. Stevens, Stanley F. 1993. Claiming the Higher Ground Sherpas, Subsistence, and Environmental Change in the Highest Himalaya. Berkeley and Los Angeles, CA University of California Press. Stonor, Charles. 1955. The Sherpa and the Snowman. London Hollis & Carter. Unreached Peoples Prayer Profiles, The. . February 17, 1999.

Computer Crime Essay -- Technology

The introduction of computers in to the modern househ obsolete has brought with it new moral issues. In the last 10 years computers aim become increasingly cheaper to buy, due to huge technological advances and fierce competition, driving prices down. It the wake of the computer revolution the internet has followed quickly, becoming faster, cheaper and more accessible. With these technological advances the existence has become increasingly smaller enabling piracy and file sharing to become common practice. Society now has many new issues to work through, from impingement of privacy to the copying of movies and hacking.To define exactly what computer ethics is a difficult task due to it being tied to an evolving technology, the field changes whenever the technology changes. reckoner ethics did not truly exist as an ethical discipline until the 1970s. Walter Maner was the first to use such a term stating it as ethical problems aggravated, change or created by computer technology M aner, 1978. While new ethical problems develop arisen he also stated that old or alive problems have been made worse due to the expansion of information technology. Since then, several people have had different views on what computer ethics actually is.In 1985 Deborah Johnson wrote a book entitled Computer ethics. It defined computer ethics as the study that pose new versions of standard moral problems and moral dilemmas, exacerbating the old problems, and forcing us to apply ordinary moral norms in uncharted realms Johnson, 1985. Johnson was similar to that of Maner however she did not believe computers created new ethical issues. Instead, recommending computers solely altered the existing issues by giving them a twist. The best defini... ...arter Kit in Computer Ethics, Helvetia Press (published in cooperation with the National Information and Resource Center for command Philosophy). Originally self-published by Maner in 1978.Moor, James H. (1985) What Is Computer Ethics? In B ynum, Terrell Ward, ed. (1985) Computers and Ethics, Blackwell, 266-75. Published as the October 1985 issue of Metaphilosophy.Spafford, Eugene, et al. (1989) Computer Viruses Dealing with Electronic Vandalism and Programmed Threats, ADAPSO.Tavani, Herman T. (1999) Privacy On-Line, Computers and Society, Vol. 29, No. 4, 11-19.TechWeb. (April 15, 2004) mean(a) PC plauged with 28 pieces of Spyware (CMP), Avaliable http//www.techweb.com/wire/26804582 (Acessed September 17, 2005)Websters New Millennium Dictionary of English, Preview Edition (v 0.9.6)Copyright 2003-2005 Lexico Publishing Group, LLC

Kimchi Journal :: China Chicken Virus Kimchi Essays

Kimchi Lifesaver Finals are finally over and I exit be leaving for Korea in two days. I havent been to Korea in nearly ten years but I still remember the savory foods vendors remove along the streets of Myong Dong Market. My granny called me today with some unfortunate news. She informed me about a dollie flu called Avian Influenza that has infected fowl across the farms in South Korea. You need not worry, sweetie, my grandm different said in Korean. Strict measures were taken so that farms would not further spread this disease. Nonetheless, granny told me to pack my warm clothes and prepare myself for some good Korean food. I can hardly wait. December 25, 2003 A kimchi Christmas. I have been have kimchi like there is no tomorrow. Dont get me wrong, I love kimchi. However, I have been take more than my stomach and breath can handle. Scientists from Seoul issue University came out with a study a few days ago stating that a lactic enzyme in kimchi has remedial eff ects on chicken and some other types of domestic fowl. I assume kimchis antibacterial powers have kept my family and I clean from this epidemic. With what I could understand from the Korean news, the bird flu is extremely infectious to organisms such(prenominal)(prenominal) as poultry. I went on the Center for Disease Control website to get a much more comprehendible version of the epidemic. It conveyed that the disease spreads rapidly from bird to bird as large amounts of the computer virus are secreted in bird droppings, contaminating earthly surroundings. The technical term for the disease is called Avian Influenza A H5N1. The big scare, The World Health Organization admits, is that this strain has the unique capacity to jump the species barrier, causing several diseases in humans. I leave alone not be eating chicken for a while. January 5, 2004 I am finally back in the States. It is such a relief that we do not have to cope with Avian Influenza here. Although CDC sai d the risk of H51N flu in the United States is low, I cannot help but think that travelers such as myself could contract the virus and bring it back to infect others. This wouldnt happen to us though. January 13, 2004 Kimchi Journal China Chicken Virus Kimchi EssaysKimchi Lifesaver Finals are finally over and I will be leaving for Korea in two days. I havent been to Korea in nearly ten years but I still remember the savory foods vendors parcel out along the streets of Myong Dong Market. My grandmother called me today with some unfortunate news. She informed me about a bird flu called Avian Influenza that has infected poultry across the farms in South Korea. You need not worry, sweetie, my grandmother said in Korean. Strict measures were taken so that farms would not further spread this disease. Nonetheless, grandmother told me to pack my warm clothes and prepare myself for some good Korean food. I can hardly wait. December 25, 2003 A kimchi Christmas. I have been eating kimchi like there is no tomorrow. Dont get me wrong, I love kimchi. However, I have been eating more than my stomach and breath can handle. Scientists from Seoul discipline University came out with a study a few days ago stating that a lactic enzyme in kimchi has remedial effects on chicken and other types of poultry. I assume kimchis antibacterial powers have kept my family and I clean from this epidemic. With what I could understand from the Korean news, the bird flu is extremely infectious to organisms such as poultry. I went on the Center for Disease Control website to get a much more comprehendible version of the epidemic. It conveyed that the disease spreads rapidly from bird to bird as large amounts of the virus are secreted in bird droppings, contaminating earthly surroundings. The technical term for the disease is called Avian Influenza A H5N1. The big scare, The World Health Organization admits, is that this strain has the unique capacity to jump the species ba rrier, causing several diseases in humans. I will not be eating chicken for a while. January 5, 2004 I am finally back in the States. It is such a relief that we do not have to bear with Avian Influenza here. Although CDC said the risk of H51N flu in the United States is low, I cannot help but think that travelers such as myself could contract the virus and bring it back to infect others. This wouldnt happen to us though. January 13, 2004

Agrarian Discontent In The Late 1800s :: essays research papers

"Why the Farmers Were Wrong"The period between 1880 and 1900 was a boom time for Ameri burn politics. The country was for once promiscuous of the threat of war, and many of its citizens were living comfortably. However, as these two decades went by, the American farmer found it harder and harder to live comfortably. Crops such as cotton and wheat, once the bulwark of agriculture, were exchange at prices so low that it was nearly impossible for farmers to process a profit off them. Furthermore, improvement in transportation allowed foreign competition to materialize, making it harder for American farmers to dispose of surplus crop. Finally, years of drought in the midwest and the downward spiral of business in the 1890s devastated many of the nations farmers. As a outlet of the agricultural depression, many farm groups, most notably the Populist Party, arose to fight what farmers saw as the reasons for the decline in agriculture. During the last twenty years of the ordin al century, many farmers in the United States saw monopolies and trusts, stuns, and money shortages and the demonetization of silver as threats to their way of life, though in many cases their complaints were not valid.The growth of the railroad was one of the most significant elements in American economic growth. However, in many ways, the railroads hurt small stationpers and farmers. Extreme competition between rail companies necessitated few way to win business. To do this, many railroads offered rebates and drawbacks to larger shippers who used their rails. However, this practice hurt smaller shippers, including farmers, for often times railroad companies would charge more to ship products short distances than they would for long trips. The rail companies justified this practice by asserting that if they did not rebate, they would not make enough profit to stay in business. In his testimony to the Senate Cullom Committee, George W. Parker stated, "...the operating expense of this road...requires a certain volume of business to meet these fixed expenses....in some seasons of the year, the local business of the road...is not sufficient to make the earnings...when we make up a train of ten of fifteen cars of local freight...we can attach fifteen or twenty cars...of strictly through business. We can take the latter at a very low rate than go without it." Later, when asked the consequences of charging local traffic the same rate as through freight, Mr.

The Families of Flowering Plants :: essays research papers

Asphodelaceae(Aloe Family)CLASSIFICATIONDahlgren et al. (1985) divided the Monocotyledons into several superorders of which the Liliiflorae is the largest. The order Asparagales is the largest of the five orders within Liliiflorea. One of the families within Asparagales accept by Dahlgren and his co-workers was Asphodelaceae (Chase et al. (2000). Asphodelaceae consists of the sub-families, the Asphodeloideae and the Alooideae. The Alooideae consists of six genera of which Aloe is the largest. The sub-family Alooideae are noned for their spectacular secondary growth, a characteristic used to define the Alooideae as monophyletic. On the different hand, some workers within the taxa cast considered the above two subfamilies were for sometime, considered to be separate families, the Asphodelaceae and Alooideae (Dagne and Yenesaw 1994). Determining the proper phylogeny was difficult because some authors have argued that Aspodeloideae is not a monophyletic group. Also, the Aspodeloidea e are more varied and share a great deal of geomorphologic similarities between other groups (Chase et al. 2000). The latest generation of chemical training on species belonging to these two groups is believed to reveal the relationships among the various taxa and to assist in establishing taxonomic classifications at various levels (Dagne and Yenesaw 1994). However, there is still not strong copious evidence suggesting both sub-families should not be included in a single family, the Asphodelaceae (Bisrata 2000). MORPHOLOGYAsphodelaceae is a distinct family from other liliod endogen groups by a combination of several morphological and reproductive features simultaneous microsporogensis, atypical ovular structure, lacking steroidal saponins, producing seeds with arils, and the general presence of anthraquinones. Basic morphological features of genera within the Asphodelaceae consist of mostly herbs, shrubs, and sometimes arborescent, which grows into woody forms with trunks that c an grow up to several meters high. The leaves are arrangement is alternate, spiral or 2-ranked that usually form rosettes at base or ends of the branches. The leaves are often thick and succulent with parallel venation. The succulent aloes vary in sizing and morphology from the dwarf rosettes (Adams et al. 2000). Vascular bundles are arranged in rings around mucilaginous parenchyma tissue, the bundles have parenchymatous aloin cells in inner bundle sheath estimable the phloem poles. The association of aloin cells and central gelatinous zones are synapomorphic for species with Alooideae (Judd et al. 1999). The perianth is usually bisexual and showy, with 6 distinct to strongly connate, non-spotted tepals. Reproductive flower parts have 6 distinct stamens and 3 connate carpels and a superior ovary that contain nectaries in septa.

The Families of Flowering Plants :: essays research papers

Asphodelaceae(Aloe Family)CLASSIFICATIONDahlgren et al. (1985) divided the Monocotyledons into several superorders of which the Liliiflorae is the largest. The order Asparagales is the largest of the five orders within Liliiflorea. sensation of the families within Asparagales recognized by Dahlgren and his co-workers was Asphodelaceae (Chase et al. (2000). Asphodelaceae consists of the sub-families, the Asphodeloideae and the Alooideae. The Alooideae consists of six genera of which Aloe is the largest. The sub-family Alooideae are noned for their spectacular secondary growth, a characteristic used to define the Alooideae as monophyletic. On the other hand, about workers within the taxa have considered the above two subfamilies were for sometime, considered to be separate families, the Asphodelaceae and Alooideae (Dagne and Yenesaw 1994). Determining the proper phylogeny was difficult because some authors have argued that Aspodeloideae is not a monophyletic group. Also, the Aspode loideae are more varied and share a great deal of morphological similarities between other groups (Chase et al. 2000). The latest genesis of chemical information on species belonging to these two groups is believed to reveal the relationships among the various taxa and to assist in establishing taxonomic classifications at various levels (Dagne and Yenesaw 1994). However, there is still not strong enough evidence suggesting both sub-families should not be included in a single family, the Asphodelaceae (Bisrata 2000). MORPHOLOGYAsphodelaceae is a unadorned family from other liliod monocot groups by a combination of several morphological and reproductive features simultaneous microsporogensis, atypical ovular structure, lacking steroidal saponins, producing seeds with arils, and the general comportment of anthraquinones. Basic morphological features of genera within the Asphodelaceae consist of mostly herbs, shrubs, and sometimes arborescent, which grows into woody forms with trunk s that can grow up to several meters high. The leaves are organisation is alternate, spiral or 2-ranked that usually form rosettes at base or ends of the branches. The leaves are often thick and succulent with parallel venation. The succulent aloes variegate in size and morphology from the dwarf rosettes (Adams et al. 2000). Vascular parcel of lands are arranged in rings around mucilaginous parenchyma tissue, the bundles have parenchymatous aloin cells in inner bundle sheath near the phloem poles. The association of aloin cells and central gelatinous zones are synapomorphic for species with Alooideae (Judd et al. 1999). The perianth is usually bisexual and showy, with 6 distinct to strongly connate, non-spotted tepals. Reproductive bang parts have 6 distinct stamens and 3 connate carpels and a superior ovary that contain nectaries in septa.

Case Obermeyer

UMASS LOWELL College of focal point 63. 371 T. Sloan berth Study Write-up 3 SPORT OBERMEYER, LTD. Sport Obermeyer is a high-end fashion skiwear design and merchandising gild headquartered in Aspen, Colorado that sells its products through U. S. department stores and ski shops. Although the social club has a global supply network, most of its critical outerwear products are sourced through the Hong Kong-based company Obersport, a joint venture between Sport Obermeyer and a Hong Kong partner. Obersport, in turn, manages supply and mathematical product operations in Hong Kong and China.This case provides an in-depth description of the planning and production processes Sport Obermeyer and its supply channel partners undergo distributively year to develop and deliver new product lines. Please prepare a report that addresses the questions below. Answers mustiness be typed (doublespaced), and write-ups will be evaluated on their content and presentation, including logic, organization , grammar, and spelling. You must work on the case in groups of two (2) to four (4) students. You are responsible for find who is in your group and how work is totallyocated.Please turn in one write-up per group, and list the names of all group members on the write-up. Refer to the handout titled Guidelines for Case Study Write-ups for more information on the content and format for case write-ups. Questions 2 points each 1. What are the key activities/events involved in the design, ordering, production, and shipment of Sport Oberymeyers products? When do these activities/events take place? Discuss the challenges faced by Sport Obermeyer in managing its global supply chain. 2. How can Wally use theBuying Committees forecasts to estimate the hazard associated with early production of each style? Using the sample data given in Exhibit 10, make a exhortation for how many units of each style Wally Obermeyer should order during the sign phase of production. Assume that all 10 styles in the sample problem are made in Hong Kong and that Obermeyers initial production commitment must be at least 10,000 units. Ignore price differences among styles in your initial analysis. (Note there is not an exact formula or method for this type of problem.I am more interested in the approach you use to determine the order quantities than in the specific numbers. ) 3. What are the long-term costs, advantages, and risks of producing in China versus Hong Kong? How will minimum order quantities affect capacity? Which of the 10 styles should be made in Hong Kong and which should be produced in China? Justify your answer. 4. What changes would you recommend to Wally to improve overall supply chain performance? Be specific and pay particular attention to operations-related changes. The presentation/style of the report counts for an additional 2 points, for a total of 10 possible points. Remember to return an electronic likeness of your write-up to the TurnItIn. com web site. Due Date Monday, April 23, 2007 at the beginning of class UMASS LOWELL College of Management 63. 371 T. Sloan Electronic Submission of Write-ups to TurnItIn. com TurnItIn. com A new service is available to students and faculty at UMass Lowell to help uphold academic integrity. In addition to turning in a hard copy of your case write-up, you will be required to submit an electronic version of the write-up to the web site TurnItIn. com. How do I submit my case write-up?It is quick and easy to submit your write up 1. Point your web browser to www. turnitin. com. 2. Click on the New User section, and a dialogue box will guide you through the process of creating a user profile. You will need to enter our class ID number 1822979 and enrollment password sloan (note all lower case). 3. Our class will then show up on your start page. Click on the class name Sloan 63. 371 Ops. Mgt. 4. You will then watch out a list of assignments. Click on the appropriate assignment. 5. Submit your paper followin g the instructions in the dialogue box.The following formats are accepted MS Word, WordPerfect, RTF, PDF, PostScript, HTML, and plain text (. txt). 6. Click Submit when prompted to complete the submission process. A digital receipt number will be issued, and you will receive an e-mail confirming successful submission. Thats it No further action is required. You will only need to create a user profile the first prison term you use the system, so for future assignments, the process will be even easier. Note Please submit only one electronic copy per group. nether Author Name, simply list the name of one group member. When are the write-ups due?The hard copy of the write-up is due during (or prior to) class on the dates indicated in the course syllabus. If you are not able to attend class, you may e-mail (emailprotected edu) or fax (978/9344034) your write-up before class. The electronic copy of the write-up must be submitted inwardly 24 hours of the class discussion. To summarize Ha nd in the paper copy of your groups case write-up during or prior to class on the day that it is due. Submit an electronic copy of the paper within 24 hours of our class discussion. Submit only one paper copy and one electronic copy per group.

Revenue-Recognition Problems in the Communications Equipment Industry Essay

1) In late 2000, aglow(p flushedicate) announced that grosss would be adjusted downwards by $679m as a result of receipts recognition problems. Yet the firms market capitalization plummeted by $24.7bn. Why do you think the market reacted so negatively to Lucents announcements of the problems?The heroic drop in market capitalization is probably due to several factors. Historically, Lucent had successfully met analysts projections for 15 succeeding(prenominal) quarters before announcing, in January 2000, a major shortfall in profits relative to former expectations. In June, the quarterly balance sheet inform an aim loss of $301m (for the first time since 1998) while warning of weaker profits in Q4. In addition, the revenue recognition issues announced by the new chief executive officer appointed in October were surely perceived as an indication that Lucents management was managing revenues and therefore a possible ca social occasion of a future fall in revenues.This led inve stors to modify their earnings expectations in light of the revenue-recognition problems faced by the firm. Since a companys share price reflects forecasts of future cash flows, and Lucents Q3 and Q4 revenues were substantially written-down, investors would rationally expect future earnings to be affected as well. In an efficient market environment, the $24.7bn in lost market capitalization would equal the discounted value of these expected cash flows. However, it is also likely that the repeated missed expectations ca pulmonary tuberculosisd an overreaction by investors, as the company was compel to revise its revenues downward two times over the span of two quarters. This probably raised fears in the market of more widespread problems with the firms accounting practices.It should also be kept in mind that the Internet bubble had just burst and a technology related company announcing an operating loss and lower revenues could easily cause a panic selloff among investors, as typica lly happens when a speculative bubble bursts.2) What are the specific revenue recognition problems faced by Lucent? On December 22, 2000, Lucent announced a $679m downward adjustment in revenuesof their fourth-quarter fiscal tilt from September 2000. on that point were four different reasons for the adjustment.First of all, Lucent stated $125m of recorded sales that did not meet the companys revenuerecognition rules. These revenues were included in the financial statement due to misleading documentation and incomplete communications between a sales team and the financial organization.Additionally, Lucent sold $452m worth of equipment to administration integrators and distributors and recorded them as revenues. In fact, the products were not passed on to the customers, because of their weakened financial condition, and Lucent had already verbally agreed to take back the equipment. Therefore, the sales could not be accounted as revenues. Thirdly, sales teams had verbally offered cr edits to customers worth $74m and booked them as revenue in golf-club to boost the fourth-quarter numbers. As the credits were meant for use at a later date without an actual sale of equipment taking place, these could not be accounted as revenues in the fourth-quarter.Finally, sold equipment worth $28m had not been solely shipped, leaving the service incomplete. Since this violated the first revenue recognition criteria The firm has performed all the services or conveyed the asset to the buyer, recognition of these revenues is not in line with regulation.3) What financial statement adjustments impart Lucent have to make to correct the revenue recognition problems announced in late 2000?In our discourse of the accounting figures we found it necessary to make assumptions relating to tax appreciates and COGS, as the information is not given directly. In deciding which tax rate to use for the adjustments we have two obvious alternatives either assume a corporate tax rate of 35%, o r calculate the average tax rate based on the presented financial statement. However, due to certain revenues and expenses being non-taxable we have opted to discard the average tax rate as a suitable estimate, and fictional a corporate tax rate of 35%.In relation to the Cost of Goods Sold, Lucent faces the problem that virtually oftheir goods are literal (communications equipment) while some are intangible (software licenses, services etc.). We are aware of the fact that Lucents intangible assets are subject to different costs as itstangible assets, and therefore have to be restated differently. However, we do not know the costs of neither intangible nor tangible assets due to a lack of information and thusly assume a representative cost mix that is proportional to total revenues. Hence, we use the average COGS (69% of revenues in Q4, 2000) when we calculate the restatements. In the balance sheet, we treat the somatogenic goods as inventory, and intangible goods as other curre nt assets.When readjusting the income statement and balance sheets we need to reduce the revenues by a total of $679mn, with a like reduction in accounts receivable. The cost of goods sold is reduced by $470mn, as per our assumption above relating to the average cost of goods sold. On the balance sheet this is reflected in the gain of inventories for tangible sales, and other current assets for intangible sales. This leads to a reduction of pretax income of $209mn, and subsequently a reduction in income taxes of $73mn. In the balance sheet this is delineate by a reduction in the deferred tax liability (current liabilities in Lucents balance sheet), and finally a reduction in stockholders retain equity by $136mn.4) How would you judge whether a firm is likely to face revenue recognition problems? Revenue-recognition problems in Lucents case emerge from distraction of the financial statements by all parties involved in compiling them. For instance, the initial $125 million adjustm ent was due to miscommunication between the sales team and the financial organization. The lack of a proper internal reporting organization or of efficient external auditors therefore is a sign of summationd risk of revenue misrepresentation. It is also important to mention that the events described in the case occurred before the Sarbanes-Oxley Act was enacted. This means that, at the time, financial statements did not require a postage stamp of approval from top management in order to be published. The fact that these reports were approved and published suggests awareness and involvement of the board of administrators in the revenue-recognition problems. Making CEOs responsiblefor the financial statements was an important step toward prevention of unwanted accounting practices.From a broader perspective, companies are constantly subject to the need of reaching and beating the markets profitability expectations. Missing these targets whitethorn result in a steep share price fa ll, especially considering the herd mentality that is prevalent during market bubbles. Investors will typically overreact at the first sign of negative news from a company, triggering sharp sell offs in stock, as was the case with Lucent, during the height of the dotcom bubble. shape up revenue misrepresentation drivers we can deduce from Lucents case are firstly, firms providing financing solutions to customers may fall into the temptation of using these tools in order to boost their quarterly revenues by granting credits to clients. In fact, computing Lucents Account Receivables / Turnover ratio, it is observable that average collection days increase substantially from 1998 (85 days) to 2000 (119 days).This means that Lucent was selling products ext exterminateing financing rather than collecting cash. Secondly, when companies rely on a distribution network rather than on direct sale it is easier for them to engineer revenue-boosting activities (e.g. provide distributors with mor e than what can be sold and take back the equipment later on). Thirdly, relying on big clients accounting for a large percentage of revenues increases may enhance corporate relationships, thus facilitating non-transparent verbal agreements or offbalance-sheet operations (e.g. financing, discounts). In addition, any changes in accounting practices and assumptions accounted for in the income statement should be investigated closer as a possible case of accounting fraud, as in the case of Lucent. In the 1st quarter of fiscal 1999 $1.3bn is booked as a cumulative effect of accounting change. This is enough to say that a revenue recognition problem exists, but certainly warrants further investigation.Finally, incentives of a more general nature to accounting malpractice include regular evaluation of company credit quality by rating agencies, and distorted compensation incentives for management. The reason occur at regular intervals, providing incentives for management to polish a firms balance sheet prior to evaluations by the agencies, while the latter normallyinvolves stock options. Since employees are only allowed to sell their options at certain dates, they have an incentive to push the companys share price up by accounting manipulation, prior to executing their options.5) Assess whether any of Lucents competitors are likely to face revenue recognition problems in the coming quarters. lake herring Systems multichannel approach to sales and marketing includes a direct sales force to distributors, value-added resellers and system integrators. This could allow them to boost their revenues by selling excessive amounts to distributors close to the end of a quarter and taking the equipment back afterwards. On the other hand, Cisco does not rely on a single client, but has a change client base. In addition, the financing that Cisco provides is clearly reported on the balance sheet as noncurrent long-term lease receivables, which clearly differs to Lucents approach concerning verbal agreements about credits to clients. Unlike Cisco, Juniper Networks mainly relies on one large customer, WorldCom, who generated 18% of their revenues in 2000.Thus, they were highly parasitical on that client and had most likely build up a close relationship with them, both concerning equipment sales and credit granting. This increases the risk of false revenue recognition due to either channel stuffing or the sale of equipment (meant to be taken back if not sold) close to the end of the quarter. Nortel is mainly a service provider, in fact 82% of its revenues are made up by services. This could be a red flag for revenue-recognition issues as services may have no clear delivery date and thus allow revenue management. In addition, Nortel granted credit to its customers of $5.6bn, of which only $1.5bn had been used. This could mean that Nortel is trying to curl customers by aggressively offering financing. On the other hand, Nortel does not depend on any single cli ent.We did not find any significant figure of speech in insiders dispositions of their stock options to indicate fraudulent activity, neither for Lucent or any of their competitors. We also closely examined the two key ratios Account Receivables Turnover and money Flow Return for Lucent and its competitors (Juniper Networks has been excluded due to data absence). As can be seen inthe following graph all cash flow replications late started to decline, which could raise concerns with regards to their revenue recognition policy.In Ciscos and Nortels case one can see that this change is due to a pair decline in cash flow from operations as well as an increase in sales. However, this movement by itself is not a red flag and could be due to other factors, which calls for a more detailed investigation. We can see that the suspicious decrease in cash flow return is mainly due to a substantial increase in sales and can also be seen in a substantial increase in accounts receivables. Henc e, we looked at accounts receivable turnover or more precisely days sales outstanding and found that the average level over the course of the previous three years stays approximately the same while showing a negative trend for Cisco and even constantly decreased jolly for Nortel. This is a very good sign and means that these two still manage to collect their receivables in a timely manner although sales increase rapidly. Cash Flow Returns should therefore stabilize again in the near future. Lucents Account receivables turnover on the other hand, as already elaborated in the previous question, steeply increases. This may indicate Lucent was selling products by extending financing to customers rather than collecting cash since we cannot apply the same argumentation as for Cisco and Nortel in Lucents case.

Effective Religious Practices Essay

Throughout our history, draws of discordant religious sects have used a number of methods, materials, and programs to initiate their followers into a certain political theory or belief system. This has proved to be both reusable and noxious over the course of time. We have seen some horrifying events take place in the name of certain religions (Jim Jones, The Peoples Church), and have also seen many cases that could serve as a message of hope for others (Mother Teresa).The outcome of events that are sparked by the formation of a new religious sect, are primarily kneadd by the programs and methods used by the sects religious leader, to instruct his followers to believe in certain belief systems, and buck actions that are justified by those underlying beliefs. When analyzing how a religious sect instructs its followers, or disciples, we should analyze both positive and negative correlations shared by various sects, in doing this, we could determine what practices have proved ben eficial to society, and which ones have proved to be destructive.When observing certain pastors methods in instructing their followers, we could come to the assumption that a leader who preaches a peaceful and elate message is much likely to attractive followers who share the same views, on the other hand, a pastor who preaches destructive and self righteous message is more likely to have a congregation that reflects those same views. For example, Joel Olsten, a pastor at Lakewood church, has a consistent uplifting message that he shares with his congregation on a daily basis.When using this method of preaching, the pastor is not focusing on the negative actions of some of the members of his congregation, (Hell, or Damnation) hardly rather inspiring them to try harder, or to do better. When a pastor only focuses on topics such as sin, Hell, or damnation, then many members of his congregation will leave feeling ashamed and scared, rather than uplifted and motivated.A useful method that a pastor can use is ceaselessly having sermons with a positive and uplifting theme, focused on whats ahead for an individual rather than what they have done in there past. Another useful method practiced by certain pastors is not classifying there religion under a certain categories, such as Catholic, Methodist, or Jehovah Witness, yet rather inviting people of all faiths to join, not just a select view. In practicing this, a pastors congregation has the potential to grow, without being enwrapped by a certain sects moral philosophies.A church is only as powerful as its congregation, the larger the congregation, the more influence a church has in its surrounding communities. When practicing such things, a pastor does not limit himself to one moral view, but rather stays establish minded and tolerant to the many views that his congregation may have. If I were to become a pastor, I wouldnt be subject to one particular faith, but rather welcome any faith to my congregation.I fe el that it is important to have a diverse congregation it teaches people how to be tolerant and thankful of another persons belief system. This ideology also proves useful in expanding a churchs total number of members, therefore harboring growth and overall success. As a churchs congregation grows, so does its net worth, and its influence in its surrounding communities. Secondly, I would choose to preach messages of hope rather than self-shame.I would want people to come to my church and leave with a renewed vision of hope, so that they are self motivated to become active members in there communities. In my opinion, this would prove to be very effective in increasing the total number of people in my congregation. In conclusion, it is far more beneficial when recruiting members for a congregation, to appeal to everybodys emotional needs, by preaching an unbiased message that has a theme based in hope, and inspiration.

Post Modernist/Complexity Science Strategy

?There could be several conflicts that arise when working on a program to develop a saucy program for the hospital when adapting the program from the stigmatise modernist/complexness science strategy. Working with several different representatives from different aspects of the hospital, there will be different ideas, visualizations and outcomes for apiece group. The post modernist/complexity science strategy tensenesses on the importance of connections and interdependencies for creating emergent order in networked systems.When working with different races of people, (in this case, the health check director, the chief of staff, and the medical staff) their focus and attention may be on different aspects of the pertly program. This could cause a problem for connections and relationships to develop and work efficiently. One group of people could be focused on the development of a nutritional program where as another group may be more focused on the medical aspect.All these repr esentatives aim to get a line and compromise to be able to proficiently come up with a new program for the hospital. Without good connections and interdependencies to create order, this would be a very concentrated task. Second, when developing a new plan, each representative needs to understand that there will be change. The world is ever changing and at each given time, one age demographic may need more services than others.If this new program was being create today, this group of people would need to discover sure that they took into account the large number of people who will be age 65 and older, and the explosion this population will continue to prosecute up for several more years. The post modernist/complexity science strategy states that the search for equilibrium, a balance, a stable state, is futile. The developers of the new program would need to make sure there is room for change within the new program.They would need to be able to understand that what peoples n eeds are for today will be the same for them tomorrow, or in 5 years. There must be flexibility, their ideas and the program must be built for flexibility. Both the post modernist/complexity science strategies do not accept(s) the world as is rather, both believe in the transformative power of events and ideas. If all parties involved do not follow these same ways of thinking, it could be very hard for a team to develop a new program that would thrive in the current measure and the future. James, J. (2009).Post Modernist/Complexity Science StrategyThere could be several conflicts that arise when working on a program to develop a new program for the hospital when adapting the program from the post modernist/complexity science strategy. Working with several different representatives from different aspects of the hospital, there will be different ideas, visualizations and outcomes for each group. The post modernist/complexity science strategy focuses on the importance of connections a nd interdependencies for creating emergent order in networked systems.When working with different populations of people, (in this case, the medical director, the chief of staff, and the medical staff) their focus and attention may be on different aspects of the new program. This could cause a problem for connections and relationships to develop and work efficiently. One group of people could be focused on the development of a nutritional program where as another group may be more focused on the medical aspect. All these representatives need to listen and compromise to be able to proficiently come up with a new program for the hospital.Without good connections and interdependencies to create order, this would be a very hard task. Second, when developing a new plan, each representative needs to understand that there will be change. The world is always changing and at any given time, one age demographic may need more services than others. If this new program was being developed today, this group of people would need to make sure that they took into account the large number of people who will be age 65 and older, and the explosion this population will continue to see for several more years.The post modernist/complexity science strategy states that the search for equilibrium, a balance, a stable state, is futile. The developers of the new program would need to make sure there is room for change within the new program. They would need to be able to understand that what peoples needs are for today will be the same for them tomorrow, or in 5 years. There must be flexibility, their ideas and the program must be built for flexibility.Both the post modernist/complexity science strategies do not accept(s) the world as is rather, both believe in the transformative power of events and ideas. If all parties involved do not follow these same ways of thinking, it could be very hard for a team to develop a new program that would thrive in the current times and the future. James , J. (2009). Health Organizations Theory, Behavior, and Development. Saudbery Jones and Bartlett Publishers.

Moving to a New House

Annonymous Professor Licata Enc 1101 W, 17 21 Oct. 2011 We Need More Room To hear the news of my mothers new pregnancy was kinda an excitement, yet I knew I would have to discuss with my mother why I believed it would be of essence to move to a much bigger house, this would intend that the new triplets would have a room of their own, and my brother Alex and I could have one as well. I informed my mother of the three distinguished differences amongst our real house and our dream home would be the coat, amenities, and location are more than authorised factors with a larger family.One important difference amongst our real home and our dream home would be size. Our current home is only 1,007 square feet. This is not going to be sufficient space for our change magnitude family. Like two lions fighting over whom will eat the buffalo, we would be fighting over living space, speci aloney with eight people living in an overcrowded house that has only two bedrooms and one bathroom. I f we moved to a house that was 6,589 square feet, 6 bedrooms and 5 bathrooms, we would be more contented with all the additional space.No more fussing rough who gets to use the bathroom next. Like animals, humans are also very territorial, and the less space we have to live in, the more hostile our environment becomes. A more important difference between our real house and our dream house would be amenities. Seeing as to how we are a family that loves to watch movies and have family time after dinner, having a Sony WEGA 32 inch television is not cutting it for us.There are times when the tint of the TV is so terrible, that we cannot even recognize the different colors being displayed on the screen. Tell me it wouldnt be better if we had our own Yalos Diamond liquid crystal display TV in our new home I said to her. Everyone could sit around the TV and enjoy more flicks, with an HD quality. Also, you wouldnt have to worry about me and Alex ever fighting about who gets to use the N intendo 64 Next during our family time. In our dream house we would have our own gaming room filled with a WII, Xbox 360, and Play Stations.Although, amenities are important, they are not the most important difference as to why we should move to a bigger house. The most important difference between our current home and our dream home would have to be location. But what does Location have to do with anything that matters? asked my mom as she sit down on the small rocking chair outside our front door. It makes a big difference mom I exclaimed to her. We live in a neighborhood called Oakridge in Orlando, Florida.This is an exceptionally dangerous area to be at late at night, and to make matters worse, a reporter from the News 13 said and I mention This is a neighborhood where the criminal and robbery rate are occurring more often. We live in the poor regions of Oakridge where we are most vulnerable to all these draw close dangers. Do you really want to bring three baby infants i nto this environment? However, if we were to move to Windermere, we would still be able to live in Orlando, Florida and in a more family oriented, safe environment. Mom, they are a gated community, no more distressing about break-ins or somebody robbing us. Everyone would be safe and secure at all times. Our family can finally be at ease mom. To conclude all, the three differences between our real house and dream house are very important because of the new triplets. It would be in our best interest to move to our dream house. We would all live more comfortably in a larger size home, have extra fun during our family time thanks to the additional amenities, and our family will be much safer in the new location we move to.

Technology: Higher Education

Technology Taking Over The person of the 21st century has the luxury of being dependent on applied science, allowing for certain weaknesses to snap out of individuals due to their lack of natural abilities. Technology is the making, modification, use, and knowledge of tools, machines, or techniques, in order to solve a problem, improve a preexisting termination to a problem, achieve a goal, or perform a specific function. Its true engineering has made life more efficient and reliable. ump teenage great inventions capture been possible through technology.Technology is also one of the causes of mass becoming lazier, uninspired, and less(prenominal) creative. Technology is not bad in and of itself, but people are misusing it. Planes, trains, and automobiles carry people from place to place at high speeds. Telephones, television and computer networks help people communicate with others across the world. Medical technologies from vaccines to shank Cell therapy, allow people to liv e longer, wellnessier lives. Although most people think technology made life easier, its actually making them besides dependent on those technologies.Todays generation is becoming much lazier because they are too dependent on the latest gadgets. Some of them are unable to do things on their own. Nowadays, people use computers in business, public services, education, and most of all, in entertainment. There are many advantages to this situation. Firstly, computer controlled cars, planes or ships all people to traveling safely and reduce travel time. However, a disadvantage to this is that all of these affect our environment in some way or another which howevertually ends up harming ourselves.Faster travel times have led to easier dispersal of contrastborne viruses and diseases between locales, as well as increases in jet lag. Jumping from time zone to time zone screwing have a detrimental effect on the body. Most powerful countries depend on their industrial power to perk up t heir status. Technology made industrial development increase rapidly. Industries depend more on machines than human power. This newly discovered robotic technology makes human workers obsolete in some factories. Robots have been built to do tasks equally the same or better as humans, leaving them jobless.Robotics are a blessing and a jonah to a company. While its nice to have a machine do allthing, it can lead to issues down the road as customers notice the eccentric may not be the same as the quality they experienced from human hands. Another major con to robotics is that companies still need employees to manage the machines. When a problem happens, the machine will continue to run instead of stopping and thinking of what needs to be done in order to fix the problem. This is wherefore companies still need to have skilled and qualified employees to run the machines before they cause them to lose millions of dollars.Also, todays society is based upon quick live bites and short a ttention spans. The world is at our fingertips, yet paradoxically, the more we connect, the more we actually disconnect. The internet has taken over, dominating our lives. The internet is an easy access for study from around the world that can be attained within seconds. There are many interactive applications on the internet that can bring extreme people closer together without having to commute. Also, shopping has become more convenient. The disadvantage of the internet is that it has become too reliable for most people.People can get subject on the internet. Some people may take advantage of all these things and scam others for their money, as it is that simple to create a legit seeming website. Despite its ease, technology has caused people to become so reliant that, in a poll by CNET, 28 percent of people said they wouldnt be able to live without high-speed internet. Many people dont know how to look up information in libraries or encyclopedias. Though technology has allowed us to improve and modify traditional tasks, it has also clouded our realization of the dependency we have on it.Americas education level has become an reasonable ranking. Education has developed into a network of many avenues that now allows the average American to obtain education easier. Higher education has branched out from the traditional university into online degrees, trade schools, and junior colleges. Obtaining a high school education has also advanced high school students can take AP courses and high school dropouts can get a GED. With all these opportunities, why is it that America ranked as average in the international education ratings?The number of options available has caused our country to have no ambition to excel. Other countries have less options and freedoms which may be the motivation that allows them to achieve higher education rankings than the U. S. Many people are pointing to technology as a cause of childhood obesity. The younger generation has lost its curious nature to explore the world. Instead, children are hiding behind a TV screen or video game. For adults, the accused culprits are different yet the same, for example people spending more time driving and less time walking or biking to reach their destinations.Technology doesnt just keep people in their chairs, it changes the way people eat. Obesity in children has increased by thirty percent in the past thirty years in America according to the Center for Disease Control and prevention. Obesity leads to many health problems including, diabetes, arthritis, cancer, respiratory problem, and cardio-vascular disease. The public is carried in street cars elevators take the place of stairs in our larger buildings, and the necessary activity of the energetic is not directed in the use of muscles needed in running and walking.It is becoming noticeable that people are slowly losing those abilities and letting machines or computers do the work for them. People are no longer required to t hink. If posed with a difficult or even simple problem people will simply Google it on an iPhone and the dissolving agent is found within seconds. Students are also becoming too dependent on calculators. Instead of using a graphing calculator to solve complex numeric formulas, students turn to calculators for even simple calculations.Though calculators are important in an evolving world, it is still important for teachers to teach students how to do mental math and reasoning (Metz). Scholars, particularly teen scholars, are no longer required to spell correctly. Words like tomorrow, tonight, and before, become 2morrow, 2night and b4 in playful texting conversation. Spell check is also contributing to the declension of spelling. Too often, people type a word sloppily into a web document and let spell check do the work without even noticing the word was misspelled.We are living in a society which is called technologically civilized. Every small work we do is technology dependent. T oday every other person is recognized with the device or gadget, he or she carries. Ultimately we can say that, living without technology is like living without air, in this technical world of today. In conclusion, we can use technology but with moderation. If we use it, firstly we should have to check if we can do that follow out without it. If we are ever in a situation where technology is not present, we will find it difficult to resolve the situation.

Fifa world cup 2014 Essay

The 2014 World Cup begins on June 12, when Brazil plays Croatia in the opening match. Reporters and editors for The Times result count down to the start of the tournament each day with a short capsule of news and interesting tidbits.Perhaps the biggest change at the World Cup will be the introduction of goal-line technology for those r ar instances of dispute. Far more common in the spirited are vexing tackles from behind, which FIFA, soccers world governing body, has expressed new concern about.Diving, or simulation, or what basketball fans call flopping, remains an act that can enrage players and fans. Potential World Cup referees and jock referees from Asia, Oceania and Europe who this week attended a workshop at FIFA capitulumquarters in Zurich were instructed to pay circumscribed attention to the nasty tackles from behind that halt the f starting time of play and can lead to injury.FIFAs head of refereeing, Massimo Busacca, said referees working the World Cup would be instr ucted to react to any signs of rough play.The safety of the players is truly important, so the referees shed to read the situation carefully at the beginning of the game, Busacca told reporters. If players start committing this type of foul, we have to take action to avoid it. We have to say, We do not want to see this kind of football in this competition.This is the role of the referee, to discipline to understand and anticipate. Sometimes the players forget because of the adrenaline. The role of the referee is to say Do you want to play today, or do you want to take a shower? We must try to avoid these situations which can destroy football.More recently, the focus has been on diving, where players embellish a foul or near-foul in a bid to secure a free kick in an advantageous bandage on the field. But according to the English referee Howard Webb, who called the 2010 World Cup final in southerly Africa, diving is a lesser issue for match officials.Its one of the things we are always asked to be vigilant about because when its not accurately identified, it can have quite a damage effect on the game, Webb said. If you look at the number of decisions made around simulation, they are quite low compared to the vast number of decisions we have to make. Although its a small problem, it has a big impact when it does happen, so of course it becomes quite serious.In Zurich, the 17 referees and 31 assistant referees (linesmen) were taken through a serial of medical, physical, psychological and technical tests. FIFA said it had also begun to employ video analysis of match situations to help game officials.FIFA is planning another seminar, beginning April 7, for officials from Concacaf and South American nations.

Social Profiling

Guadagni 1 Steven Guadagni English 100 September 16, 2012 cordial Profiles Effects on Employment Time and m again, people are denied or terminated from dividing lines ground on inappropriate material found on their fond media profiles. In current years, the issue of hiring/ excitement based on information found on social media devices such as MySpace, Twitter, or Facebook has been a hot topic. Many people believe that these factors should be overlooked when it comes to employment based on the cerebration that it makes the employee prejudiced and a violator of soulal boundaries.Although it may appear to be an act of discrimination, business owners should stockpile the even up to take any public information into consideration and employ people who they deem commensurate to profit their business. Many people believe that boundaries should be drawn when it comes to hiring people based on what is displayed in their social profiles. In Agha Bes Zains article Should Employers and Interviewers Check Your Myspace, Facebook, Twitter and other Social Profiles? he argues that its easy for an employer or interviewer to non involve or fire someone based on something they truism on their social profiles. Zain says, Employers tin use social profiles to make biased, prejudiced decisions that are unfair and Guadagni 2 discriminatory. He expands on his view, stating that what you do on your own time is your business and that some employers will apply or fire someone for their religious/political views or even their ethnicity.Even though it may not be legal, Zains rehearsal that not hiring someone for their religious/political views or their ethnicity is bad because it can negatively affect business I disagree with Zain that as an employee what you do on your own time is your own business and it shouldnt affect your employers decision to hire or fire a person. Not hiring or firing someone for their religious/political views or their ethnicity which is disclosed o n a social profile is comprehendible in certain situations. Unfortunately, in the world we live in, ones argument hat people do have the right to hire who they deprivation is understandable if a prospective or current employees views conflict with their business relationship the owner has every right to not want to work with them. Another issue that arises in the argument is whether or not a persons profile page should be screened in the hiring process. In Zains opinion, a persons social networking shouldnt affect an employee or a job candidate. Zain states that Employers should only care slightly something that affects the workplace or the job at hand. The argument is understandable that what you do on your own time is your own business, but why would an employer hire someone who has a picture on Facebook of themselves smoking weed and partying? For example, if an employer had two people competing for a job and they Guadagni 3 were both equally qualified, but the employer checke d on Facebook and sees that one of the electromotive force employees is smoking weed in a picture and the other potential employee doesnt have anything on his Facebook, it is obvious that he would hire the one who was not smoking weed.Clearly an employer is going to want someone who does not participate in those kind of activities because they could potentially affect the workplace or the job at hand. Being able to check a little more background on potential employees should be acceptable for employers because it allows them to see which candidates are truly responsible and upstanding citizens. Everyone knows that employers will look at social profiles so one should be professional in their profile if they want to be taken seriously.For example, if a person is working for a big company and badmouths a product or employer on a blog or social media page then of course they are going to enchant fired. Specifically, if an employee working for a big baseball bat company like Louisvill e Slugger compromised the selling might of their new bat by publically posting that it is not effective, then they should be held accountable for their actions.Their statement could potentially affect the sale of the product and cost the company a lot of money so it is obvious that the employee should be fired. Employers should reserve the right to protect their company from people employees that feel it is acceptable to publically trash their product. I think employers and interviewers should be able to look at your social profiles. If you think something could potentially affect your business life then it should not be Guadagni 4 posted online.In some cases, a persons religion, political views or ethnicity could affect business so it would make sense to not hire specific people in those cases. Employers and interviewers have every right to decide if they want to hire or fire a person based on what they saw on a social profile. Guadagni 5 Works Cited Zain, Agha Bes. Should Employ ers and Interviewers Check Your MySpace, Facebook, Twitter, And Other Social Profiles? August 25, 2009. http//thereasoner. com/articles/should-employers-employers-check-myspace-facebook-social-profiles

Abortion, is it murder or a right of passage Essay

spontaneous stillbirth is a highly controversial issue in directlys society, non unaccompanied in unseasoned Zealand merely internationally. On the basis of an Unfamiliar Text read in class expressing the legalities of stillbirths (Is Abortion jurisprudence due for a shake up? A Sunday Star Times article) I immov subject to undertake further research on the topic. The article piqued my interest as it had many relevant points grok various societal issues that I hadnt given much thought to before. Thus I fixed to further research and base my report on the topic of abortion as I mat the need to expand my k directledge of the subject to become more socially aw ar of the issue of abortion. I had no previous knowledge and due to it becoming an increasingly present issue in todays society I regard that it would be beneficial to understand the opposing viewpoints. I cute to look into the controversial issues that surround abortion, how legal restrictions may potentially im plicate the future tense of abortions and lastly, what are the advantages and disadvantages of having an abortion. Throughout, I intended to use several different sources to ensure the breadth of my report and ensured the reliability of these sources by flavour at well-known and respected databases.See moreSocial Satire in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn EssayI thought it useful to first define abortion so that I could add vital scene to what I was researching. Abortion is the procedure of terminating an un-wanted claw and jackpot be performed in two different ways, a medical exam abortion and a surgical abortion. The type of abortion performed is dependent on the trimester the mother is in at the time of her abortion, meaning how far along in the pregnancy she is. I attempted to encompass the large amount of differing viewpoints that people hold into two main viewpoints in an effort to be able to compare and contrast them effectively for my research purposes. The two main viewpoints that I defined for abortion were pro vivification and pro prime(prenominal). Prolife path that abortions can only be performed on women who incur experienced rape or an incestual conception along with the termination of a baby that may affect the mothers health. Prochoice is the sagaciousness that pregnant cleaning woman gain the right to terminate their child for what ever reason they, mortalally, see fit. Both procedures stupefy advantages and disadvantages that can potentially affect the future of the individual and of course the unborn foetus.What are the key controversial issues meet abortion? originally I began researching this question I understood that many young women think of an abortion as a quick fix, a sort of late birth control. I began with the understanding that affirmative sex is now seen as less of a concern in young people as an abortion is a readily available option. Due to this lowered level of concern surrounding abortions in that respect h as been a large increase in controversial issues surrounding whether an abortion is sympathetic. Abortions in recent propagation are deemed as societally acceptable, which can have a negative impact on adolescent individuals as they do not have to fully take responsibility for the weight of their actions when abortions are so well accessible to them. The ease at which these youths are having abortions is portrayed in the 2011 survey carried out by The nonparasitic, which states that 30 % of woman who have an abortion are 14-19 years old.Many abortions are a contract of casual sex as teenagers and young adults are having flippant one-night stands, when resulting in unwanted pregnancies they turn to abortion. In 2010 statistics 3.9 per 1000 woman under 16 have abortions, 16.5 per 1000 woman under 18 have an abortion (The independent) these are astoundingly high results. Only furthermore expressing the irresponsible behavior of juveniles that may be intensify by the fact that they can have abortions easily in society today. In addition it has been evince that because of such actions the childs (foetus/embryo) rights have been exposed and consequently violated. Another issue intertwined is how long later gestation is it morally unjust to terminate a foetus/baby. Prolife activist Congressman Chris Smith says, there is substantial evidence that by this point 20 weeks, unborn children draw away from surgical instruments in a manner which in an infant or an adult would be interpreted as a answer to chafe, (TIME). Many more take that an abortion is murder, arguing that a foetus is able to feel pain during an abortion.Prochoice activists argue, Abortion is not murder because it is performed before a foetus has developed into a human person (http//www.balancedpolitics.org/abortion.htm). This statement begs the question when is a foetus a human person? Where do we draw the force? I washorrified that such a debate would be going on at the uniform time such pr ocedures are existence practiced everyday (125 000 abortions performed daily according to WorldOMeters). Many medical professions and biologist have argued the stage at which an embryo is classified as living and is thus unfastened to pain. Due to the stage at which an abortion is performed it is suspected that the foetus will be imperiled to torture. While I do hear both view points my fundamental opinion remains prochoice as I believe that ultimately it was the womans actions, thoughts and viewpoints that led her to be in the position of being pregnant so it should be the womens and only the womens actions, thoughts and viewpoints that influence her own decision as to whether she, herself is capable of having a baby.Although my viewpoint hasnt changed from thinking that some women use abortion as a quick fix, in fact it has become stronger after viewing the above statistics. I still believe that if the women herself wants to abort the child she should be able to, as it is her bo dy and her choice, I do, however, believe that restrictions should be tightened around the stage at which a woman can have an abortion legally. This was a parvenue viewpoint that I self-contained from my research, as I hadnt thought about the different stages of pregnancy and how they relate to whether an abortion should be performed. It was in this way that the research helped me to develop my own personal viewpoints about abortion.What are the advantages and disadvantages of an abortion?Before embarking on my research I was unknowing of the extent the effects of an abortion have on women physically and mentally. When having an abortion most individuals fall apartt understand the extremity of the short and long-term effects that an abortion can induce. While researching I effectuate a reliable, factual website contracept.org providing various pros and cons of abortions. Short-term effects are mainly physical such as cramping, bleeding/spotting, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. T hrough http//abortionclinics.ca/abortion-risks.shtml I found that perforation of the uterus and cervical lacerations are most commonly presented in woman that have sufferne an abortion. Using the website abortion complications I found out that it occurs in 1/20 abortions performed, caused by the application of suction initiating a 50/50 chance for a miscarriage in thenext pregnancy. The long-term effects of these punctures and lacerations can result in premature births and labor complications in future pregnancies.Long-term, abortions can have a large impact on future pregnancies and subsequently cause psychological issues. Another common feature is an ectopic pregnancy. The embryo develops outdoors the womb statistics show that after one abortion you are 30% more prone to its occurrence whereas after two or more abortions you have an change magnitude percentage of 160% (http//www.abortionfacts.com/literature/abortion-complications). to boot women who have had two or more aborti ons have double the average miscarriages in their first trimester in future pregnancies. More pressingly using the website afterabortion I was astounded by the saddening effects abortion has on an individuals mindset. Individuals that have had an abortion have an increased suicide rate of 3.4 (after abortions.org) than females that havent experienced an abortion. To elaborate the negative effects that abortions have on the metal wellbeing of the individual it is describe that 25% of women who have had abortions have had appointments with a psychiatrist compared to 3% in a controlled group.Abortion is evidently linked with increasing levels of drug and alcohol abuse, violent behavior and depression re-laided in post-abortion hurt subsequently showing in an amplified rate of child abuse (http//afterabortion.org/2012/abortion-risks-abortion-complications-abortion-dangers-abortion-side-effects/). There are minute positive effects to negative but when researching I have come to the conc lusion that the positives take a large toll on your life than the negatives. In studies shown by DataBlog it cost $431,600 (NZD) to raise a child to 21 years old, so an abortion will aid in the economic stability of your future, not only but according to The BLOG many woman who by-pass children are more successful in their heavens of work Children can restrict you from living the type of life you want to live especially if that life includes a high-powered career requiring long hours and travel.After researching the negative and positive effects that an abortion has on an individual I was appalled, as my perception of an abortion was very different to the reality. I initially perceive abortion as a one-day procedure with no after-effects. I was further shocked by how the choice to have an abortion can potentially affect the rest of your future. I believe that after facial expression at manydifferent sources I comprehensively understand the complexity of the issue and can hence continue to develop my own viewpoint on abortion everyday.How will legal restrictions affect the future of abortions?With many prolife activists seeking abortions laws to be reformed, I believe that the future of abortions will change but not to the extreme of making abortions illegal. Sourcing my information from Family Planning and Abortion services in New Zealand I am now aware that in New Zealand abortions are legal if they abide by a-set criteria. Whether or not the pregnancy is a result of incest or rape or how old the mother is, according to Crimes sour 1961. Using the article What if abortions were legal? By Libby Anne there are many viable outcomes stated that are occurring in America due to the movement of prolife in politics. Many abortion clinics around America have been shut down, with the recent closing of 5 clinics in Louisiana that dont comply with the new bill. Prochoice activist say that this is an outrage and the bills intention is not invested in the womans safe ty but in making abortions illegal (Huff Post).As a result according to Love, Joy, Feminism there has been an increased rate of complications for women such as an increase in abortion inducing drugs and back alley abortions being performed resulting in greater harm to women than an abortion. This is backed up further as Jennifer Dalven, director of American civilized liberties union says In fact, major medical groups like ACOG and AMA oppose these laws because they actually harm women by preventing them from acquiring high quality medical care. Further restrictions will only accelerate this trend additionally, with consultation to Abortion rates continue to rise- The independent Anna Furedi, chief executive of the British Pregnancy advisory quotes one third of women in their reproductive lifetime will require an abortion.I believe that this is a direct influence of the new bill being passed making it harder for women to find a provider, thusly partaking in dangerous procedures to terminate their child. Not only but National President Morgan Healys self-confidence Its not right that New Zealand still classes abortion under the crimes act this resides with me deeply, as abortion is always under scrutiny it is legal and a daily procedure around the world and I believe it shouldnt be classified as a crime. I think that increasing such restrictions will have avery negative impact on society with progressively worsened outcomes. From my research my opinion has been swayed that with such a growing movement for abortions to be banned it may be plausible.ConclusionWhen I set out to find an answer to my prevailing question whether abortion is humane or not, I did not expect that my opinion would alter I used to support prochoice with the judgment that an abortion was acceptable and that woman should have all rights over their body, but through researching I now understand that the mothers choice to have an abortion retracts the childs rights. I dont think that dimin ishing a womans rights to have an abortion will have a positive effect on society with an estimated increase in back alley abortions. I believe that the way to improve the situation is have narrower restrictions cutting down on women eligible to undergo the procedure.I think that this will be beneficial as abortion is currently seen as contraception, which in my opinion is not acceptable. Through such measures, I think that there would be a diminish in the number of abortions carried out, thus forcing sexually active females and males to be more conscious of their actions. Overall I believe that my opinion slightly altered on the issue while still supporting prochoice, as I was exposed to many opposing opinions that shaped and largely influenced my perspective whether an abortion is humane or not.

Annotations to Applied Linguistics books Essay

Annotations1. Guy Cook (2003). employ Linguistics.This intelligence explains use philology in brief. It describes the popular and academic views of correctness. It too discusses the languages in the contemporary world. It presents face and its growth and the many Englishes used nowadays. It discusses some of the English language teaching techniques. It describes communication. It looks at the linguistic changes and help language acquisition.2. Guy Cook and Sarah North (2010). utilise Linguistics in Action. The book is divided into tether parts. The first is about applied linguistics in theory. Itexplains the theory of practice. The second part is about English in the world, being a global language and TEFL. The third part is about applied linguistics in action in details.3. Judit Sarosdy, Tamas Farczadi Bencze, Zoltan Poor and Marianna Vadnay (2006). Applied Linguistics 1. This book deals with applied linguistic to a greater extent explicitly in a wider context. It discusses the traditional former method actings in teaching English Vs. the communicative approach. It also discusses the learning process and classroom management. It stresses the cultures effect on the language.4. Michael McCarthy (2001). Issues in Applied Linguistics. The book discusses languages and modeling language. It highlights the second language in speech and writing. It describes applied linguistics through a overlord discourse.5. Patricia A. Duff (2008). Case Study Research in Applied Linguistics. This book tackles case study look into in applied linguistics. It defines, describes, and defends case study search, and gives examples to support. It then explains how to make a case study report.6. Susan Hunston and David Oakey (2010). Introducing Applied Linguistics (Concepts and Skills). This book applies news stories to access the key concepts in applied linguistics and stresses the skills required for appliedlinguistics.7. Zoltan Dornyei (2007). Research Methods in Applied Ling uistics (Quantative, Qualitative and Mixed Methodologies). This book is made up of quintette parts. Part one is mainly about the key issues in research methology. Part two presents entropy collection. Part three illustrates data analysis in details. Part four shows the structure of reporting research results in a quantitative report a qualitative report and a mixed method report. Part five sums up the book.

Hunger Games Book Review

Everyone has heard the saying that winning is not everything. In Suzanne Collins bestseller, The Hunger Games, it redefines that saying. In the bracing, North America has been through some apocalyptic disasters and is known as Panam with xii districts that are command by the Capitol. Each year the Hunger Games are held as a reminder of the bleak ancient and that the Capitol is still in control of the citizens of Panam. One girl and one boy between the ages twelve and xviii from each district are drafted to fight to death in the Hunger Games.The last one stand up is the winner and will bring home the fame and fortune for their district. Each kid must attend The Reaping, which is the communion where the elevates are drawn for the person to be in the Hunger Games. primula Everdeen is only twelve years old and this is her first year attending The Reaping. Her sister, Katniss Everdeen, assures her that shes not going to be picked because her name is only in the drawing once. Surpr isingly, the odds were not in Primroses favor.Katniss cannot stand to attend to her little sister go and fend for herself in the Hunger Games, so she does the unthinkable and volunteers to take Primroses place as tri exclusivelye, a person who competes in the Hunger Games. Peeta Mellark is the male tribute chosen to represent District 12 in the Hunger Games. Peeta has had an everlasting crush on Katniss since the day they met. provide Katniss have mutual feelings with Peeta during this crucial time of life or death or will the spot be a distr fulfil while it boils in the heart? Also, will the beloved characters perish or will they prevail in the Hunger Games?The Hunger Games is a compelling young adult novel that will surely appeal to many readers that admire action and guess with a hint of romance. In my opinion, The Hunger Games is an exceptional novel that is dramatic and really fun to read. The author, Suzanne Collins, does a really good ruminate with developing the plot. The plot is very unique and unpredictable. I really liked the little plot twists she throws in the story it keeps the story interesting. I also like how the story has just the right amount of action and romance. The action keeps the whole guard from being consumed from all of the romance.The main characters were all developed really well, but I think the minor characters could have been developed a little better. Other than that, the whole book was excellent. I believe this book will appeal to people who like stories about action and adventure with slight romance to freshen things up. This book will also most likely appeal to both(prenominal) genders of teenagers and adults. In summary, The Hunger Games by Suzanne Collins is a remarkable novel that will make you smart to find out whats going to happen next in the trilogy. The book has a heavy(p) plot that will definitely leave a lasting impression on the reader.

Hospitality Management Major-Dining Room Class Memo 2 Essay

Hospitality Management Major-Dining Room Class Memo 2 - judge ExampleThe training will look at the importance of getting information from the client. This practice is of import because it makes sure that the set up is according the clients expectations. According to Strianese, this process involves listening and directional the client into making the best decisions for the function. This includes looking at the time schedule, the program, the room set up, and the selection of nutrient and beverage. The second training ara is the development of the Banquet Event Order (BEO). This is crucial because it will suffice the service team capture every detail meaning that they will be able to ramble attention in every detail. The final training section is looking at the legal issues affecting the food service operations. This is crucial because it will help the service team exclude cases that will guide strange legal cases. Strianese states that, Managers should be aware of the type of cases that have been filed and what advice experts have given on how to avoid the lawsuits (Strianese, pg 389). Some of the safety precautions to be considered include, following the clients instruction to make sure that they are satisfied and making proper sitting arrangement to reduce risk of accident.These techniques will create and assist a professional environment in the organization because the service team will attain familiarity on the best practices to follow in the service industry which will help them in their daylight to day

Technology Impact Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Technology Impact Paper - Essay ExampleThis technology gives whiz of the best opportunities to enlarge printing to commercial field. By sizing, newspaper linking fanny be removed and as a result the paper can be printed using the heat-set procedure.With the serve up of hypertext link one can update the many a(prenominal) sources of information. This information can be as paper version into the online version. Hand crafting is through by electronic materials for instance many software support technical communicators in these tasks.Management comprises direct and controlling a group of one or more people or entities for the purpose of coordinate them towards completing a goal. Management function of controlling can be applied on the internet. It is at once applied and now it is going to be very famous for dynamic changes in electronic papers.The net profit has been in existence for almost two decades and began to extend into schools about 15 years ago, first into universities an d thusly into schools. It helps the lecturers and students to enlarge learning. But these opportunities can be getting those who can access the internet and proper counsel of usage and getting knowledge from online pages. This process is not systematic in schools. There are many reason involve in this case budgets insufficient professional programs for lecturers a lack of specific political platform and deficient training of teachers in technology. For ExampleMr. Smith starts announcing to his students that this month they study the social studies chapter capitals of 50 states. He studied his classes for last 10 years. Then suddenly a student comes to Mr. Smith and turns on his laptop computer and connects the internet through wireless. Then that student says that look at this map of United States if I clicks on this page then you can view the name of capital, its all images link to its states and capital building, history related to this city and states, all its resources rela ted to nature and all it major industries. She says we should work online pages to get knowledge. We can too research on them. The entire student will help us to complete this work. In this route the students now get knowledge from internet more efficiently rather then impact paper.With the help of electronic mail and surfing for information with a browser, involve communicating with others and locating information, but the real number power of the Web will come from people being better able to accomplish their work, heedless of its focus. Chat sessions are a text-based version of synchronous collaboration, as are Multi-User Dungeons, Object-Oriented, or Multi-User Shared version, where a number of people participate simultaneously in a shared conversation or activity. Applications on the desktop for doing exciting

Greek and Persian Civilizations Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

classical and Iranian Civilizations - Research Paper ExampleThis discussion will be through by comparing and contrasting the aspects of the two cultures and finding the differences that each purification wrought on the world. tender history methodology will also focus on the maturation of the political systems of the two civilizations, the farming(a) and economic information that direct to the recognition of the two civilizations. The Hellenic culture is the main influence on current development in cordial cultures and political systems, since the culture introduced a myriad of social and political development. This culture can be traced back to the legacy of ahead of time civilizations in the Middle East towards Egypt (Balcer 259). The Greek culture was to the highest degreely formed by the assimilation of some other cultures through the acts of warf be and defeat of other cultures. The spread of the Aegean civilization through the realms of the Middle Age was followed b y a destruction of the early civilizations by European invaders, but the Greek civilization continued to grow. By the year 800 B.C, the growth of Greek political and social systems led to the development of a completely new civilization the Greek empire, led by different rulers. The Greek empire transcended many borders, and by 400 B.C, Greek culture and authorities had permeated most of the world. The development of the Greek culture throughout world civilizations was mostly encouraged by the war-seeking character of the ancient Greek rulers the kings and leaders believed in a system of conquering all other powers in the world, therefore, the Greek civilization spread rapidly and effectively. This led to the assimilation of the Greek culture in most civilizations, which is why the Greek culture is the most common form of ancient historical culture. Conversely, the development of Persian civilization can be traced back to 2000 BC, when the Middle Eastern region was encroached by di fferent civilizations (Spielvogel 432). forward the development of the Persian culture, the Middle Eastern region was covered by different cultures, until the immigration of collar main cultures in 2000 BC. The three cultures were the Scythians, Medes, and the Persians. The development of the Persian Empire followed a constant approach of wars and catastrophe before the culture was fully ensconced in the Middle Eastern region, and led to the development of the Iranian culture. The development of the Persian Empire followed a different path from the development of the Greek empire the political and social systems were differentiated by the values of the current leaders in the system. These two cultures were influential in the development of different religious, artistic, cultural, and social norms as are understood in the current civilization period. The Greek civilization was also a major aid in the development of the Western civilization, with the introduction of the different a spects that are characteristic of the Western civilization. The development of the Persian Empire can be traced back to the political improvement of the first rulers (Spielvogel 432). The first rulers of the Persian Empire were Cyrus the slap-up and his son around 550 BC, who helped to develop Persia into a great political and economic civilization. The influence of the two leaders was seen after the

Zoo Species Project Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

zoological garden Species Project - Research Paper ExampleZoo Species ProjectSpecies are the smallest taxonomic division in biological classifications and is the train of classification with which an organism is identify as a distinct living or non- living organism over the earths surface. This is ordinarily done by using the most salient and distinctive features that only such crime syndicate of organisms possess on earth. The other taxonomic groups used in the classification of organisms include phylum, class, order, sub- order, family and genus to the kingdom and species at the extreme ends. This essay will cover the salient characteristics of the three identified species of, the okapi, the Komodo dragon, and the Double wattle cassowary. okapi The okapi species can be taxonomically grouped to the Kingdom animalia, phylum chordata, class mammalia, order antiodactyla, sub- order ruminantia, family giraffidae, genus genus Giraffa carmelopardalis, and in the species Okapia johnsto ni. The okapi is an herbivorous animal most common in tropical ken forests of Africa. The animals are mainly common in central African tropical forests that gull the favourable climatical conditions for the deer- resembling animals (Trooper and Murphy). They are mainly common in the Congo forest at an altitude of to the highest degree 500 to 1000 meters above the sea level with most of them occupying areas with an altitude of 800 meters above the sea level mostly predominant in the Ituri forest of the DRC Congo. The animals can also be found in areas with easy flowing waters. (Wood). Wood further notices in his book, The Guinness Book of Animal Facts that the okapis look similar to the giraffes having the long giraffe- like neck which not only help it reach out for leaves in the tall tropical forests precisely also useful in defence against the potential predators such as the lion, cheetahs, and other carnivorous predators. They have brown fur with white strips on their hind limbs and on the rear ends as the zebra that enables them to camouflage advantageously among the tall trees away from the predating animals. The animal is one of the only surviving ancestors of the giraffe family. The okapi is a in truth shy animal that is seldom seen by humanity beings. They spend most of their times in the forests usually very deep in the tropical forests where people seldom visit (Wood). Nearly a ordinal of the tropical rainforest of the central Africa houses the okapi species. However, the make sense has been greatly threatened by the rapid grade of destruction caused by man on the tropical forests especially by deforestation leading to the ever-diminishing number of the okapi in Africa. As Eric and Laurie note in their book Windows to the Evolution of Diversity, the okapi is most officious during the day and are mostly rendered inactive as the darkness approach. The animals like solitary lives during their lifetime and seldom walk, live or melt in coloni es like the baboons or monkeys even though they sometimes feed together in groups just for a short period of time (Eric and Laurie). The animal is known to be feeding on over a hundred plant species some of which are considered poisonous to human being and other animals. They have long tongues that help them in feeding by increasing their high school enabling them to feed on tall plants. The gestation period for the female okapi is around sixteen months over which the females spend lots of their time in the thick woodlands deep in the forest sure enough for the sake of the security of the pregnant female and the lamb after birth. Further, Trooper and Murphy underscore that these animals confront birth to

OB Analysis Paper Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

OB Analysis Paper - Case Study casingProduction engineers should come up with standardized way of building varied products to cringe the delays and costs of trading operations (Buller & Randall 2-8). In addition, the company is also faced by test failures which ar regarded as serious problems and this may make customers be delayed. Product engineers should try to be as competent as possible to reduce various causes of test errors and other test related activities which consume most of their time. Part of improvements that need to be taken care of are proper documentation. Stopping interruptions especially while the product engineers are in the meeting with lee(prenominal) may not be the solution to the problem because it would also mean that in that location would be delays during the meeting. Lee should just promise that his engineers come up with effective layout on how to build different products. Lee should also come up with solid agenda in his meetings to ensure that i mportant issues are raised at a particular time limit. Considering that time is an important thing for the company especially the product engineers, he should therefore fix a particular duration for the meetings. Some of the agendas of the meeting should not involve problem affecting a single product engineer but general argufy facing all of them (Buller & Randall 2-8). ... Lee should ensure that every issue raised in the meeting or amongst engineers that concerns the entire product engineering department is addressed and proper solution be found. Lees department does also not coordinate very well with the application engineers. Indeed there is a serious communication breakdown between application engineers and product engineers that even leads to customer dissatisfaction (Buller & Randall 2-8). Further much, Lee should ensure that there is cooperation and good relationship amongst the two departments to minimize the issues arising due to communication breakdown. There is also a sh aky relationship between manufacturing department and product department which derails the functions of the company. Relationship between Lee and his chief too does not seem promising. Sam is not giving Lee enough support to glitter operations in the product engineering department. For instance he is not providing the under-staffed product department with more personnel to make work easier. Moreover Sam cannot give or mediate between Lee and Reese as a way of creating peace and motivating the workers. As much as Lee may try to be a good leader who intends to ensure that his department works well and achieves the silk hat results as possible, he does not have good support to succeed in his duty and objectives (Buller & Randall 2-8). OB Perspective There is an increasing pervasiveness in job dissatisfaction and disengagement due to paradoxical organizational behaviors which has resulted into banish consequences for employers and employees. Management of job and work output is larg ely contributed by degree of job satisfaction and position towards work. Various issues concerning organization performance are never costly