Integumentary System Disorders

Integumentary System DisordersThis report discusses about disorders of integumental system their pathophysiology, sign and symptoms and their medications. hide is an organ of integumentary system which protects our body from several types of harms handle it work as an umbrella for deeper tissues and it eliminates the wastes from body in the form of sweat and it also primary(prenominal)tain the temperature of human body.Skin Human body is covered by a mould of skin, which has two main social classs and it is accounts approximately 10 to 15% weight of human body. Skin working as a barrier against ultra violet radiations. Skin has two layers, epidermis is out and dermis is midland layer of skin. Hypodermis layer is made by adipose tissue thats why it is not consider as a major layer.EpidermisIt is surface of the skin which is rest on the fatty subcutaneous layer. Epidermis has four layers stratum germinativum, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosam, and stratum corneum. It doesnt c ontain blood vessels and totally depends upon dermis for the transportation of nutrients and elimination of the waste.DermisDermis is inner layer of human body and it also has two layers papillary layer and reticular layer. Dermis is more complicated in structure. Reticular consists thick layer and thick combinative tissues with large blood vessels and papillary layer is made up of thin layer and loose connective tissues with capillaries and elastic fibres.HypodermisIt is the thickest and innermost layer of the skin which release chitinous cuticle. It is fat storage layer. Hypodermis works as an energy holding part of human body. It converts fat in energy and range back in the circulation and sent it to needy areas via venous route.Functions of skinSkin is the biggest organ of human body in surface and mass. Skin has three main functions. Sensation, regulation and protection.Sensation is a major function of skin, by this function we feels heat, cold, touch and pain.Regulation- skin maintains the body temperature via sweat and hair and also balances the body mentally ill via sweat.Skin works as a barrier for our body, it prevent our body form ultra violet rays and many bacterial infections.DisordersStasis dermatitisIt is a type of dermatitis. Stasis dermatitis is a common skin inflammatory disease occurs on below the ankles. It occurs due to poor blood circulation and in complicated cases it can progress in ulcers. usually it happens when blood is collects in the veins of lower legs and that bloods increases pressure in the veins which harms the capillaries. This damage of capillaries forces the proteins to leak in the tissues. This leakage causes legs to swell. Thats why the people suffering with this disease usually obtain swollen legs, open sores itchy skin.Sign and symptomsA person who is suffering from this disease has some symptoms like in first stage the skin of legs function thin.Skin blemishPrickleScalingUlcers, soresLeg swellingCalf painHeaviness i n legsMedicationsDrugBrand nameDosage gradient effectsTriamcinoloneTriderm, Kenalog3-4 times daily on effected area.Irritation, hypertrichosis, itching.PimecrolimusElidel take hold thin layer q12hr on affected area.Burning sensation, headache.Tacrolimus ointmentProtopicApply thin layer q12hr on affected area.Skin erythema, headache, burning sensation.Cutaneous candidiasisCandidiasis is a skin disorder which occurs by the excessive addition of candida fungus on skin. The person who is suffering from this disease has red rash and itchy skin. In early stages it can be prevent by antifungal creams and powders. It may cause by hot weather, rare undergarment changes, poor hygiene and obesity. Usually candida fungi are developed in warm and moist areas like plication of skin, armpits, under breast and between the fingers. It can also effects nails.Sign and symptomsRing wormsRash on bodyCrack on the fold areasRash on genitalsPatches of red and purple colour on hips and under breast.Medic ationsDrugBrand nameDosageSide effectsmiconazolefungoid tincture, cavilon antifungal creamApply twice in a day without rubbing.Irritation, hypersensitivity.Terbinafine, topicalLamisilApply on folding areas for up to 4 weeks.Allergic reactions, redness and itch.Ketoconazole, topicalNizoral topical, extinaApply once daily for 2-3 weeksBurning sensation, irritation, and allergic reaction.